Analisis Kesalahan Berbahasa pada Penjual Kopi di Pajak Sei Sikambing C. II Kec. Medan Helvetia Kota Medan: Kajian Semantik
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan berbahasa pada tuturan penjual kopi di kawasan Pajak Sei Sikambing, Kota Medan, berdasarkan kajian semantik. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan sumber data berupa hasil wawancara tertutup terhadap seorang penjual kopi keliling. Data dianalisis melalui tahap pengumpulan data, identifikasi kesalahan, penjelasan kesalahan, klasifikasi kesalahan, dan evaluasi kesalahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat jenis kesalahan berbahasa yang ditemukan, yaitu gejala pleonasme, kesalahan pemilihan kata (diksi), ambiguitas, dan gejala kontraksi. Gejala hiperkorek tidak ditemukan dalam data penelitian. Kesalahan pleonasme ditandai oleh penggunaan unsur bahasa yang berlebihan, sedangkan kesalahan diksi muncul akibat penggunaan kata atau frasa yang kurang tepat sesuai konteks. Ambiguitas ditemukan pada tuturan yang memiliki makna ganda atau tidak jelas, sementara gejala kontraksi menjadi bentuk kesalahan yang paling dominan, seperti penggunaan kata mayan, dah, kalo, karna, ama, gak, keknya, dan dapet. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan bahasa penjual kopi dipengaruhi oleh kebiasaan berbahasa lisan, dialek daerah, dan lingkungan sosial. Kajian semantik terbukti dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi serta menjelaskan berbagai bentuk kesalahan makna yang muncul dalam komunikasi sehari-hari.
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