Dominasi Bahasa Asing dalam Etimologi Kosakata Bahasa Indonesia Berdasarkan Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Edisi VI
Abstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji dominasi bahasa asing dalam etimologi kosakata bahasa Indonesia berdasarkan Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) edisi VI. Bahasa Indonesia yang secara historis berkembang dari bahasa Melayu telah mengalami kontak bahasa yang intensif melalui perdagangan, penyebaran agama, kolonialisme, serta perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan budaya. Kontak bahasa tersebut menyebabkan banyak kosakata bahasa Indonesia berasal dari berbagai bahasa asing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis distribusi bahasa sumber dalam etimologi kosakata bahasa Indonesia yang tercantum dalam KBBI serta mengidentifikasi bahasa-bahasa yang paling dominan dalam sistem penandaan etimologi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif-konseptual. Data penelitian diperoleh dari entri etimologi yang terdapat dalam KBBI edisi VI daring dengan cara mendokumentasikan dan mencatat bahasa sumber yang tercantum pada setiap entri kosakata. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan dukungan penghitungan frekuensi sederhana untuk mengetahui distribusi dan dominasi bahasa sumber etimologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 7.299 entri etimologi yang berasal dari 59 bahasa sumber dalam KBBI edisi VI. Dari jumlah tersebut, bahasa Arab menjadi bahasa yang paling dominan dengan 3.544 entri (48,6%), diikuti oleh bahasa Jawa Kuno sebanyak 1.525 entri (20,9%) dan bahasa Sanskerta sebanyak 725 entri (9,9%). Selain itu, beberapa bahasa lain seperti Jepang, Persia, dan Hokkien juga memberikan kontribusi yang cukup signifikan terhadap kosakata bahasa Indonesia. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan kosakata bahasa Indonesia sangat dipengaruhi oleh proses peminjaman bahasa yang terjadi melalui interaksi budaya, agama, perdagangan, serta hubungan global yang berlangsung dalam sejarah masyarakat Nusantara.
Downloads
References
Alnizar, F., Mufidah, V. N., & Yani, Z. (2025). Framing faith and language: A critical discourse analysis of socio-religious etymologies in Indonesian lexicography. LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching, 28(1), 128–152.
Kulsum, U. (2025). Politik bahasa dan ideologi pada pembakuan kata serapan bahasa Arab di Indonesia. Publica Indonesia Utama.
Mulyani, R., & Noor, N. M. (2018). Languages in contact: A study of Arabic loanwords in Malay/Indonesian language. International Journal of Culture and Art Studies, 1(1), 36–40.
Nurchayati, A. D., & Holilulloh, A. (2026). Tinjauan literatur sistematis: Interferensi fonetik Arab dalam bahasa lain. Stilistika: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra, 19(1), 135–152.
Puspita, D., & Sutami, H. (n.d.). Need analysis of Indonesian etymological dictionary (Analisis kebutuhan kamus etimologi Indonesia).
Rahmawati, N. D. (2020). Semantic adaptations of the Arabic loanwords in the Indonesian language. Mozaik Humaniora.
Royani, I., Efgivia, M. G., & Gatot, M. (2022). Monograf pembelajaran blended learning menggunakan kamus multi bahasa Gemilang.
Rudiamon, S., Rahmadina, R., Elisah, P., & Marisya, P. D. (2025). Leksikologi bahasa Arab: Konsep dasar, hubungan, dan sejarah perkembangan.
Sari, P. P., & Widyastuti, C. (2025). Peminjaman kosakata dalam bidang hukum dari bahasa Belanda ke dalam bahasa Indonesia (Tinjauan secara fonologis dan linguistik historis komparatif). Risenologi, 10(1), 7–15.
Taufiq, M. (2025). Epistemologi terjemahan Koroang Mala’bi: Kajian atas edisi revisi Al-Qur’an bahasa Mandar. Nun: Jurnal Studi Alquran dan Tafsir di Nusantara, 11(1), 21–38.
Tjahyadi, I. (2025). Linguistik umum. Aikomedia Press.
Copyright (c) 2026 Diana Febrianty Silalahi, Sry Eninta Br. Bangun, Wahyudi Difler Rambe, Soraya Firanti Nur, Krislia Tika Sari, Anggia Puteri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
By submitting the article/manuscript of the article, the author(s) agree with this policy. No specific document sign-off is required.
License
The use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Author(s)' Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by the stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
User/Public Rights
Under the Creative Commons license, users are allowed to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work. Users will also need to attribute authors on distributing works in the journal and other media of publications. Unless otherwise stated, the authors are public entities as soon as their articles got published.
Rights of Authors
Authors retain all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights;
- Copyright and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- The right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,
- The right to reproduce the article for own purposes,
- The right to self-archive the article,
- The right to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article's published version (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by more than one author, any authors submitting the manuscript warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to be agreed on this copyright and license notice (agreement) on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this policy. The journal will not be held liable for anything that may arise due to the author(s) internal dispute. The journal will only communicate with the corresponding author.
Royalties
Being an open accessed journal and disseminating articles for free under the Creative Commons license term mentioned, author(s) aware that the journal entitles the author(s) to no royalties or other fees.
Miscellaneous
The article will be published in the journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed. The editors may modify the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing, and usage that deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers.
